CBI : Indian Investigating Agency

 CBI : Central Bureau of Investigation



Recently  Karnataka police Chief Praveen Sood has been choosen as the next director of CBI.
CBI or Central Bureau of Investigation is central governing Investigating agency.  

Let's know more about CBI in details

 CBI means  Central Bureau of Investigation, it is a premier investigating agency of India. It is responsible for investigating a wide range of crimes, including corruption economic offences serious crimes, and high profile cases, that have national and international ramifications.

CBI was set up in 1963 by a resolution of ministry of Home affairs based on the recommendations of the Santhanam Committee on Prevention of Corruption (1962-1964).

CBI is not a statuary body. It drives its power from the Delhi  Special Police Establishment ACT 1946. It comes under the administrative control of the department of Personnel and Training (DoPT) of the ministry of Personnel,  Public Grievances and Pensions.

 CBI provides assistance to control Vigilance Commission and Lokpal. It is the nodal police agency in India which coordinates investigations on behalf of Interpol member countries.

CBI operates under the jurisdiction of the ministry of Personnel Public Grievances, and Pensions of the Government of India. It is headed by a director, who is usually an IPS officer. 
 
CBI has the authority to investigate cases that are referred to it by State governments, the central government, and the courts. It also has the power to take up cases on its own if it deems it necessary.

CBI has a special status and is often called upon to handle cases of national importance or cases that require expertise and resources beyond the capabilities of the state police forces. It has jurisdiction accross the country and can investigate cases in any state without seeking permission from the state government.

The CBI has a rich history in India :
1. Establishment : The CBI traces its root back to the Special Police Establishment (SPE), which was set up in 1941 during the British colonial era. Initially, the SPEs primary focus was to tackle corruption and bribery in government departments related to defence contacts during World War 2.

2. Post-independence : After India gained independence in 1947, the Special Police Establishment ACT was enacted. It provided a legal framework for the functioning of the SPE. The Act empowered the SPE to investigate corruption cases involving central government employees and to request assistance from state police forces for investigation.

3. Expansion of Jurisdiction : Over the years , the jurisdiction of the SPE expanded to include other serious offences such as economic crimes, bank frauds, and cases with interstate or international ramifications. In 1963 , the Delhi Special Police Establishment ACT was passed, which granted the SPE powers to investigate corruption cases against central government employees accross the country.

4. Renaming as CBI : In 1963, the Special Police Establishment was renamed as the CBI to reflect it's wider mandate. The CBI became the premier investigating agency of India, responsible for investigating a broad range of crimes beyond corruption.

5. Legal Framework :  In 1985, the Delhi Special Police Establishment ACT was replaced by the CBI act, which provided a more comprehensive legal framework for the CBI functioning. The act empowered the CBI to investigate cases referred to it by State governments, central government departments, and courts. It also granted the CBI the authority to take up cases on its own if deemed necessary.

6. High - Profile cases : CBI has been involved in several high-profile cases throughout its history. These include cases related to political corruption, economic offences, terrorism, and organized crimes. Some notable  cases handled by the CBI include the Bofors scandal, the 2G spectrum case and the investigation into the assassination of former Prime minister Rajiv Gandhi.

7. Autonomy and Accountability : The autonomy and Accountability of the CBI have been subjected to debate and controversy. Efforts have been made to enhance its independence by ensuring greater insulation from political interference. In 1997, the supreme court of India issued guidelines known as the "Lokayukta Judgement" to safeguard the CBI's autonomy and present undue influence.

Despite challenges and criticism, the CBI continues to play a significant role in investigating and combating various crimes of national and international importance in India.


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